XRP so với Bitcoin: Loại nào dễ bị tấn công bởi máy tính lượng tử? Quan điểm của các chuyên gia

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XRP Ledger validator Vet says XRP appears less exposed to quantum computing risks compared to Bitcoin, after a new audit showed only 0.03% of XRP supply is vulnerable.

On the flip side, around 6.9 million BTC, nearly 35% of supply, could be exposed, highlighting structural differences in security.

What the Quantum Threat Actually Is.

Before comparing both assets, first understand the real quantum threat, as many people misunderstand it.

Each wallet has a private key (your secret) and a public key created from it. Your wallet address comes from this public key.

The risk is that a powerful quantum computer could use Shor’s algorithm to reverse this process and find your private key from the public key.

Here is the part most people get wrong: your public key only becomes visible when you send a transaction. Just holding crypto and receiving it never exposes your public key. So whether your wallet is vulnerable has nothing to do with your balance or how long you have held it.

It comes down to one thing, whether you have ever sent a transaction from that address.

How Much XRP Is Exposed

A recent audit by an XRP Ledger validator Vet analyzed quantum vulnerability across XRP accounts. The findings showed roughly 300,000 XRP accounts holding 2.4 billion XRP have never sent transactions, meaning their public keys remain hidden and quantum-safe.

Only two dormant whale accounts, holding about 21 million XRP, were found vulnerable. That equals roughly 0.03% of the XRP supply. Experts say this is significantly lower compared to Bitcoin exposure.

As the vet said, “Dormant vulnerable XRP whales are almost nonexistent. The rest is active and has their public key exposed but it is also reasonable to expect to rotate keys if needed.”

The discussion comes after growing concerns that quantum computers could reverse-engineer private keys from exposed public keys.

XRP Has a Advantage That Bitcoin Does Not, “Key Rotation”

This is where XRP’s architecture genuinely stands apart. The XRP Ledger allows something called ” signing key rotation”, the ability to swap out the key that controls your account without ever moving your funds to a new address.

It’s like changing your house lock without moving house. Your funds stay in place.

Further Vet mentions that while key rotation is not a perfect long-term solution, it provides a practical safety valve that Bitcoin simply does not offer.

Ripple staff software engineer Mayukha Vadari also highlighted the escrow time-lock feature as an additional layer of protection. However, Funds locked in escrow with a time condition cannot be accessed until that time passes

Bitcoin Is More Exposed To Quantum Threats

This is because Bitcoin uses old P2PK address types that expose keys, which lack key rotation, and have many inactive coins, including Satoshi Nakamoto.

According to Google’s research, approximately 6.9 million BTC are currently vulnerable to quantum attack, representing close to 35% of Bitcoin’s entire circulating supply. That is not 0.03%. That is more than a third of all Bitcoin that has ever been mined.

The structural problem goes deeper than just scale. Bitcoin has no key rotation feature. Users must move funds to a new address to stay safe.

But when sending Bitcoin, the public key becomes visible for about 10 minutes. In that short time, a powerful quantum computer could attack it. XRP does not face this risk in the same way.

What Experts Say You Should Actually Do Right Now

Developers across both networks are researching quantum-safe cryptography. If quantum computing advances, emergency upgrades and migration strategies may be implemented.

Vet closed his audit with a direct statement:

“Your XRP is safe. There are no known quantum computers able to threaten public blockchains. By the time one exists, the industry will have figured a path forward.”
source: https://www.tradingview.com/news/coinpedia:d54e9af0b094b:0-xrp-vs-bitcoin-who-is-exposed-to-quantum-computer-threats-experts-views/